A team of researchers from the Spain-based research centre AZTI have developed an automatic classification model that can identify the main pelagic fish species in the Bay of Biscay, such as anchovy, sardine, and Atlantic mackerel, based on their schooling behaviour. The classification of fish schools detected by acoustic echosounders represents a crucial advancement for managing pelagic species found in highly diverse ecosystems and enables the study of specific behavioural changes in the presence of other species.