Fish Colon Offers Insight Into Evolution 
By J Baulkman US Source: university herald 10/8/2014

The scientific understanding of evolution could be altered by a fish organ.

Skate, a marine creature that hasn't changed in 450 million years, is a living fossil that provides a snapshot of what animals were like a very long time ago. Researcher Nicole Theodosiou uses these skates, cartilaginous fish related to sharks and rays, to learn how humans came to have colons.

"I'm particularly interested in how land animals stay hydrated, even though we don't have a hard shell that prevents us drying up like raisins in the sun," Theodosiou said in a statement. "The colon is an important organ that helps us retain and absorb water, but how exactly did we come to have this organ?"
 

The skate may provide that answer.

The marine creature is a living fossil that provides a snapshot of what animals were like a very long time ago. It's also a fish that's isotonic with its environment, meaning concentrations of things like salt inside its body are in exact balance with concentrations outside its body (in the ocean it lives in).

As a result, the skate is never thirsty or in danger of not getting enough to drink. But -- intriguingly -- it does have a rudimentary colon that soaks up water, as Theodosiou and her colleagues learned.

 
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